What was the MOST important reason why California agriculture was so modest in the 1860s?

1-______________ took up the most time at the 1879 constitutional convention. A-Funding for public schools B-Reorganizing the judicial system C-Regulation of corporations D-Determining water rights 2-What was the MOST important reason why California agriculture was so modest in the 1860s? A-Farmers’ reliance on only a few crops B-Farmers’ ignorance of farming technology C-Insufficient water supplies D-Limited markets for its products 3-What accounted for the large increase in population growth in Oakland in the 1870s? A-Its location as the terminus of the Central Pacific Railroad B-Its high concentration of entrepreneurs and businessmen C-Its ability to manufacture fine furniture from the surrounding oak trees D-Its status a major deep-water port 4-In 1880 the most important water pollution issue involved A-pesticides. B-heavy-metal contamination. C-industrial wastes. D-mining debris. 5-In the 1870s, workers were MOST likely to blame which of the following for their economic troubles? A-Mexican Americans B-Northern European immigrants C-The Chinese D-African Americans 6-California’s most important export in the 1870s and 1880s was A-manufactured goods. B-lumber. C-wheat. D-gold.

7-California wheat growing boomed during the 1870s primarily because of demand from A-local markets. B-national markets. C-regional markets. D-foreign markets. 8-What was California’s major industry between 1870 and 1900? A-Mining for gold and other minerals B-Manufacturing C-Fruit and specialty crops D-Timber 9-The first preservation efforts by California environmentalists focused on A-Lake Tahoe. B-the Santa Barbara coast. C-the Yosemite area. D-the redwoods. 10-What were the two key targets of the Workingmen’s Party of California? A-Farmers and miners B-Skilled labor and European immigrants C-Capitalists and the Chinese D-Catholics and African Americans 11-Which of the following did NOT hurt labor unions in the 1860s and 1870s? A-An influx of cheap goods from the East B-The Panic of 1873 C-An influx of workers from the East D-Passage of the eight-hour work day 12-Culture in California from 1850 to 1900 can BEST be characterized as A-innovative. B-plain. C-derivative. D-unique.

13-The 1879 constitution A-lowered taxes for farmers. B-forbade discrimination against minorities. C-was favored by the owners of Southern Pacific D-gave women the vote. 14-Farmers and urban shippers were MOST unhappy with the Central/Southern Pacific Railroad because of its A-political influence. B-impact on court decisions. C-shipping rates. D-bribery scandals. 15-Of the following cities, which was MOST vociferously opposed to railroad interests from 1870-1900? A-Los Ángeles B-San Francisco C-Sacramento D-Oakland 16-In the 1870s, the development of agricultural water was hindered most by A-inadequate mapping of California’s rivers and streams. B-contradictory water laws. C-farmers’ lack of concern about watering their crops. D-lack of proper technology. 17-Railroads gave the greatest benefits to those A-who were laborers for the railroad companies. B-who could afford to pay the fares. C-who were already prosperous. D-who lived farthest from the tracks. 18-The Exclusion Act of 1882 A-required deportation of all Chinese in California. B-was almost immediately ruled unconstitutional. C-was based on a treaty between China and the United States. D-excluded all minorities equally.

19-Which business sector did the MOST to promote California agriculture? A-Railroads B-Steamship companies C-Manufacturers of farm machinery D-Wagon builders 20-The leader of the Workingmen’s Party of California was A-George Frederick Keller. B-Denis Kearney. C-William T. Coleman. D-Bret Harte. 21-San Joaquin Valley cities such as Fresno, Modesto, and Merced were started by A-Spanish missionaries. B-mining companies. C-companies affiliated with the railroad. D-agricultural cooperatives. 22-California’s first public university was established in A-San Francisco. B-Los Ángeles. C-Sacramento D-Berkeley. 23-What geographic feature made San Francisco MOST attractive as a major center of international and national trade? A-Its hilly terrain B-Its deep-water port C-Its location on a peninsula D-Its pleasant summer temperatures 24-In the 1860s, which city in the Far West was MOST prominent? A-Seattle B-San Francisco C-Sacramento D-Portland

25-The price of wheat plummeted by 1890 primarily because of A-overproduction. B-government policies that put a low price ceiling on wheat. C-decreased demand. D-government subsidies of Plains states farmers. 26-In which era was the MOST damage done to California’s environment? A-American B-Spanish C-Native Californian D-Mexican 27-Which southern California city benefited the MOST from railroad transportation in the 1870s? A-San Diego B-Riverside C-Santa Barbara D-Los Angeles